Sugarcane ESTs Sequencing Project (SUCEST) has generated a large number of cDNA sequences from several plant tissues submitted or not to different stress conditions. In this paper, we report the result of a search for resistance gene analogs (RGAs) and their mapping in the sugarcane reference genetic map (cultivar R570, 2n=ca 115). Out of 81,223 clusters involving 261,609 ESTs sequence, we identified 88 clusters homologous to pathogen resistance genes with a stringent cut-off value of e-50 or better. One hundred and forty seven markers corresponding to 50 RGAs were localized on 128 co-segregation groups. Over 50% of the RGAs present a clustered arrangement. Close to the only disease resistance locus mapped in sugarcane, a major gene conferring resistance to common rust, we have identified an LRR-like RGA cluster. Detail sequence analysis of two NBS/LRR RGA cluster loci suggests their polyphyletic origins. (Texte intégral)