The National Agricultural Policy Centre (NAPC) has decided to assess the comparative advantages of the Syrian Agricultural products in a systematic way, with the technical and financial support of FAO. To this end, a pilot study, entitled the Comparative Advantage Study (CAS), has been designed to initiate the process with two major objectives: a) To assess the comparative advantages through the application of the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) to selected commodities in order to provide a first set of analysis to decision makers. b) To build within NAPC the required expertise to further expands the application of the PAM to other relevant Commodity Chains and to update results from the CAS. The CAS was implemented by a team of six NAPC staffs. The CIRAD's international experts provided technical and methodological backstopping for information and data collection, data analysis, reporting dissemination and discussion of the CAS results. The CIRAD's international experts also set up a mechanism (tools and method) to further expand the analysis of the comparative advantages of the Syrian agriculture in a systematic way and to use the information collected to measure the standard indicators of supports to the agriculture (Producers/Consumers Support Estimate and the Aggregate Measure of Support) The CAS also benefited from the assistance of National Consultants recruited by FAO to assist in secondary data collection and to discuss the results of the PAMs. The CAS also made use of farm level data collected by the Farming System Study (FSS) concurrently implemented by the NAPC with the technical and financial support of the FAO. This report takes stock of lessons drawn from the study implementation from September 2003 until June 2004 and proposes possible actions for institutionalizing the analysis of comparative advantage within the NAPC.