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Disponibilidad de nitrogeno en el suelo bajo especies maderables y leguminosas usadas como sombra en sistemas de Coffea arabica

Gutiérrez Castillo M., Harmand J.M., Dambrine E.. 2004. AgroForestería en las Américas, 11 (41-42) : p. 69-76.

The contribution of five shade tree species (leguminous: Inga spp. or Erythrina poeppigiana, and timber: Eucalyptus deglupta, Terminalia ivorensis or Terminalia amazonia) to N availability in the 0-10 cm soil layer was studied in coffee (Coffea arabica) agroforestry systems in the southern Pacific zone of Perez Zeledon, Costa Rica. The soils studied were collected from three sites: Verde Vigor (Ultisol), Santa Fe (Ultisol) and San Pedro (alluvial soil). Maize (Zea mays), cultivated in a greenhouse, was used as an indicator species of N contribution to the soil from each shade species. At the end of the dry season (March 2002), soils under the timber species had lower N03- contents compared to coffee in full sun or associated with leguminous trees. Mineralisation rates of soil N in anaerobic conditions (Npm) were higher under leguminous trees than under timber trees or in full sun. For the alluvial sandy site, biomass production and N extraction by maize was greater with the soils from the plots with leguminous species. For this site, the parameters influenced by the shade species (soil N03- and Npm; N content and N release from the tree roots) were positively related with biomass production and N extraction by the maize.

Mots-clés : erythrina poeppigiana; eucalyptus deglupta; terminalia; plante d'ombrage; fixation de l'azote; transport des substances nutritives; costa rica

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