Food self-sufficiency or food security is usually measured in terms of cereals and calories. Through an analysis of the Indian nutritional supply and accessibility, this article focuses on the determining factors of production, distribution and consumption of lipids. It demonstrates that there is a much more severe deficiency of fats (and of calories) than that of carbohydrates and proteins, especially in rural India. This leads us to assess the role of food(-grain) policies following the green revolution.