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Design issues in clean development mechanism forestry projects

Locatelli B., Pedroni L., Salinas Z.. 2008. In : Streck Charlotte (ed.), O'Sullivan Robert (ed.), Janson-Smith Toby (ed.), Tarasofsky Richard G. (ed.). Climate change and forests : emerging policy and market opportunities. Washington : Brookings Institution Press, p. 107-121.

The design of an afforestation and reforestation (AR) project under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol is a two-stage process. The first stage includes the definition of a project idea, the evaluation of its eligibility under CDM rules, and preliminary estimations of carbon removals, among other things. The second stage involves the preparation or application of a baseline and monitoring methodology and the production of a Project Design Document (PDD). This second stage must be implemented in strict compliance with the modalities and procedures (M&Ps) of the CDM and any guidance provided by the CDM Executive Board (EB). As a consequence of the decisions on M&Ps, the design of a CDM AR project deals with several technical issues more complex than those for CDM activities in other sectors.1 In part this is the consequence of the complex political process that produced the M&Ps. Forestry projects were debated extensively because of concerns about their real contribution to climate change mitigation and their possible negative effects on host countries' sustainable development. It was feared that too lax regulations would jeopardize the environmental integrity of the Kyoto Protocol and create negative effects on local communities or biodiversity and that too stringent regulations would discourage project development. In this chapter we review technical, legal, and market issues that proponents of CDM AR projects have to address when they design their projects. We analyze the tasks, types of information, and capacity required to address the project design issues, as well as the problems that project developers may face. We identify which design issues represent the most significant barriers for project proponents and propose recommendations to overcome these barriers. Our analysis is based on experience we gained during the first year of the FORMA project, which assisted in the preparation of ten CDM AR project initiatives in Latin A

Mots-clés : aménagement forestier; développement durable; changement climatique; atténuation des effets du changement climatique; reconstitution forestière; extension forestière; projet de développement; droit; commerce; séquestration du carbone; amérique latine; colombie; bolivie (État plurinational de)

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