The positive and negative effects of globalization on the development of rural agroindustry (AIR) force an exhaustive analysis about their present situation and its evolution considering changes in economic, politic and social environment. From two cases of study (rural cheesemaker in Peru and the cassava "parafinadoras" in Costa Rica) we made an analysis of the discussion about the contribution of localized agrifood systems: to allow access to globalized markets or re-locate activities to take profit of territorial advantages. This article shows the importance of the development of AIR's concentration for the valorizing of a traditional product with know-how and the success when two successive stages are followed: a re-location of activities and later, the search of access in global markets.