Carbon sequestration potential of rubber plantations may provide opportunities to increase the profitability and acceptability of plantations. Thus, carbon exchange of the plantations has to be assessed accurately. A complete system has been installed in eastern Thailand (Chachoengsao Rubber Research Center, RRIT-DOA) in 2006. Carbon fluxes of rubber plantation ecosystem are continuously measured by eddy-correlation method (CO2 exchanges between the ecosystem and the atmosphere). Evapo-transpiration (ETR) are measured by eddy-correlations and water balance together and partitioned between tree transpiration and soil evaporation. Meanwhile, amounts of C stored in the trees will be evaluated by measuring biomass increment along the life cycle of the plantation, in combination with estimations of the carbon content of the different compartments. These measurements will provide the annual balance of C within plantations at different ages. Energy balance will be assessed by measurements of net radiation (Rn) and estimation of energy partitioning among heat fluxes and heat storage. Results obtained at ecosystem scale by these methods will be compared to gas exchanges measured at the level of the different compartments (canopy, trunk, root system, soil...). Thereby, validated CO2 and H2O fluxes will be used to model gas exchanges of rubber plantation ecosystem according to climate and other environmental parameters as well as crop management. (Texte intégral)