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Control of viral diseases of banana and plantain

Teycheney P.Y.. 2009. In : Pocasangre Luis E., Quesada Ligia, Brown David. Reunion de Grupos de interés sobre los Riesgos de la Raza Tropical 4 de Fusarium, BBTV y otras Plagas de Musaceas para la Region del OIRSA, America Latina y el Caribe : Documentos de Programa y Resumenes de la Reunion OIRSA Sede Central, San Salvador, El. San José : OIRSA, p. 38-38. Reunion de Grupos de interés sobre los Riesgos de la RT4 de Fusarium, BBTV y otras Plagas de Musaceas para la Region del OIRSA, America Latina y el Caribe. 1, 2009-07-29/2009-07-31, San Salvador (El Salvador).

Contrary to diseases caused by bacteria or fungi, viral diseases cannot be controlled by chemicals, except for a few animal and human diseases. Furthermore, very few natural resistance sources are available in plants against viruses, making breeding for antiviral resistance very difficult. Therefore, the control of plant viral diseases relies primarily on diagnostics, strict control of germplasm movement, eradication of diseased plants, and use of certified virus-free planting material and, to a lesser extent, control of insect vectors. Diagnostic is the key to disease control. Visual diagnosis of viral diseases of Musa spp is useful and should be encouraged. However it is also often problematic, and generally does not allow for early detection. Therefore, immunological and/or molecular diagnostic techniques must be enforced, especially by plant protection services for the control of planting material and germplasm movement, and by vitroplant producers prior to any mass multiplication, since all viruses infecting Musa spp are readily and efficiently transmitted vegetatively. When viral diseases arise in plantations, quick eradication of infected plants and neighbouring plants is the most efficient way to avoid disease spread. Eradicated plants must be replaced by certified virus-free planting material only. Roguing infected plants is sometimes efficient, but cannot be recommended because of the risk of maintaining virus sources. Some of the viruses infecting Musa spp are relatively easy to control because they do not spread rapidly - this is the case for Banana streak viruses (BSV) on M. acuminata and probably Banana mild mosaic virus (BanMMV)- or have limited geographical distributions, like Banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) and Abacá mosaic virus (AbaMV). Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), although efficiently transmitted by several aphid species, is also easy to control, since infected plants often recover and removal of weeds, which act as reservoir fo

Mots-clés : musa (bananes); musa (plantains); virus des végétaux; guadeloupe; france

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