ln the Brazilian Amazon, sustainable extraction of non-timber forest products is in many regions poorly developed. Markets for such products are rare and often incomplete. That is one of the reasons why forest management remains very often focussed exclusively on timber production. Additional forest resources valorisation may have to be found through the remuneration for the environmental services sustainable timber management may provide. Implementation of planned logging, better known as reduced-impact logging, instead of predatory logging in tropical forests not only significantly reduces carbon emissions but also stimulates natural regeneration and biomass accumulation. In this study, we address the question of how logging affects the carbon balance on a long-term basis in a tropical forest in eastern Para (Brazil). Our objectives were to predict the impact of different logging intensities on the time needed for this forest to recover its initial above-ground biomass. If carbon-neutral logging is desired and the 30-year minimum cutting cycle defined by Brazilian law is adhered to, current logging intensities (G trees ha-l) need to be reduced by 40-50%. We assessed how such a reduction in logging intensity will reduce financial incomes, and how it might be compensated for by payment for environmental services.