In the frame of a project funded by the European Food Safety Authority (Prima Phacie), effort was put into identifying and testing qualitative plant-pest risk assessment schemes for their suitability in supporting risk management decisions for the European Union. Five schemes were tested, two largely based on the EPPO scheme and three adapted from schemes used in non-European countries. We report the results from the application of these schemes as applied to Xanthomonas citri strains causing Citrus Bacterial Canker, in regard to the risk of its entry, establishment and spread, as well as its potential impact. For this pathogen, three entry pathways into the EU risk assessment area were considered: a) import of fresh citrus fruits, b) import of ornamental rutaceous plants or plant parts, and c) illegal entry of plant propagative material. With the current EU measures in place, of the five schemes tested, two indicated path (c) as that of the highest risk, whereas the other three suggested path (a) as such. This discrepancy is due to the different level of details the components of the risk of entry are considered in each scheme. Most schemes suggested that the establishment potential lay around the mid-range of possible values. All schemes indicated a high rate for potential spread (primarily through human activities) and a medium to high rate for impact potential. The effectiveness of risk management measures was evaluated by comparing results of assessments with and without management measures in place. (Texte integral)