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Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia

Thiaucourt F.. 2012. In : Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals : (mammals, birds and bees). Paris : OIE, p. 995-1007.

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia ( CCPP) is a severe disease of goats caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp). This organism is closely related to three other mycoplasmas: M . mycoides subsp. mycoides large colonies (LC), M. mycoides subsp. capri, and M. capricolum subsp. capricolum. Unlike true CCPP, which is confined to the thoracic cavity, the disease caused by the latter three mycoplasmas is accompanied by prominent lesions in other organs and/or parts of the body besides the thoracic cavity. Typical cases of CCPP are characterised by extreme fever (41-43°C), high morbidity and mortality rates in susceptible herds affecting all ages and both sexes, and abortions in pregnant goats. lt appears to be transmitted by an infective aerosol. After approximately 2-3 days of high fever, respiratory signs become apparent: respiration is accelerated and painful, and in some cases is accompanied by a grunt. Coughing is frequent, violent and productive. In the terminal stages, animals are unable to move - they stand with their front legs wide apart, the neck is stiff and extended, and sometimes saliva continuously drips from the mouth. Post-mortem examination reveals fibrinous pleuropneumonia with massive lung hepatisation and pleurisy, accompanied by accumulation of straw-coloured pleural fluid. The disease has been shown recently to affect wild ruminants such as the wild goats (Capra aegagru), Nubian Ibex (Capra ibex Nubian) and Laristan Mouflon (Ovis orientalis laristanica) and Gerenuk (Litocranius walleri). Clinical disease and seropositivity have been reported in sheep in contact with affected goats, but the role of sheep as reservoirs of infection is unclear. Identification of the agent: Definitive diagnosis requires culture of the causative organism from lung tissue samples and/or pleural fluid taken at post-mortem. After cloning and purification, isolates can be identified by several biochemical, immunological and molecular tests. Isolating

Mots-clés : mycoplasma capricolum; mycoplasma mycoides; ruminant; identification; diagnostic; test biologique; technique immunologique; technique analytique; vaccin; immunologie; épidémiologie; production de vaccin; pleuropneumonie contagieuse de la chèvre

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