Biotechnology is expected to play a crucial role in Hevea brasiliensis genetic improvement and molecular physiology studies.Researches are confronted with issues such as incompatibility of sexual hybridisation, use of molecular markers in the breeding programme and application of genetic engineering and in vitro propagation techniques. Molecular tools have enabled us to have a better understanding of the development of serious maladies (Tapping Panel Dryness, Microcyclus, Corynespora), agronomic traits and biological functions such as laticifer differentiation and rubber biosynthesis.Public concern on issues such as preservation of biodiversity, usage of GMO and technological advances (new generation of sequencing (NGS) technologies) have necessitated rethinking and IRRDB biotechnology programmes. The IRRDB Biotechnology Specialist Group has to address the on environment and respond to the needs of the industry.