Health strategies and policies must be adapted in response to climate change within a broader context of global change involving increasing demand for animal products, globalization of their trade, and the impact of multiple environmental, socioeconomic and climatic determinants of human and animal health. In that setting, there is a greater risk that parasitic and infectious animal and zoonotic diseases will emerge, persist or spread, so livestock production and health sectors must become more resilient while reducing countries' vulnerability to climate-sensitive diseases through adaptation measures. These will involve ranking diseases by severity and evaluating and then minimizing risks (surveillance, prevention and control) pursuant to ad hoc legislation based on the One Health concept.