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Phosphorus availability in the tropical soils of Reunion: comparison of various methods

Nobile C., Bravin M., Ravelet M., Tillard E., Becquer T., Paillat J.M.. 2015. In : Körner Ina (Ed.). Book of abstracts RAMIRAN 2015. Hambourg : Hamburg University of Technology, p. 54-54. International conference rural-urban symbiosis RAMIRAM 2015. 16, 2015-09-08/2015-09-10, Hambourg (Allemagne).

Objectives: Application of organic wastes is expected among other beneficial effects to enhance phosphorus (P) availability in soils, but this fertilizer effect largely depends on soil properties [1]. Phosphorus availability in the soils of Reunion (a French tropical island in the lndian Ocean) has been poorly studied [2]. Despite a similar volcanic origin, these soils are expected to exhibit very different P availability due to their distinct pedogenic evolutions. Accordingly, the aims of this preliminary study are i) to determine P availability in a wide range of soils of Reunion supplied or not with various mineral and organic fertilizers and ii) to evaluate the relative relevance of different soil P tests and their respective correlation with P uptake in various crops (phytoavailability). Methodology : Fifty soil samples were collected in 5 field trials, encompassing the main soils types (i.e. hydrie andosol, chromic andosol, andic cambisol, nitisol and hyperskeletic fluvisol), and cropping sys­tems (fodder, sugar cane, market garden crops) of Reunion. Phosphorus availability in soil samples was measured with 4 chemical methods: i) CaCl2 (0.01 M) extraction to mimic soil solution ii) DGT (diffusive gradient in thin films) technique to estimate the diffusive and kinetically-labile pools and iii) the Olsen (0.5M NaHC03 at pH 8.5) and Olsen-Dabin (0.5N NaHC03 + 0.5N NH4F at pH 8.5) extractions that respectively target the moderately and weakly available pools. Phosphorus concentration in shoots was then measured on plant digests by ICP-MS. Results Available P is expected to vary highly with both soil types and the chemical method used. Phytoavailable P is further expected to vary between cro1p species. The analysis of data distribution will highlight the ,capacity of each chemical method to discriminate the soils tested. The search for correlations between chemical methods could then reveal differ­ences or similarities between results obtained with the different me

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