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A staged, progressive control pathway for tsetse-transmitted African animal trypanosomosis

Cecchi G., Diall O., Wanda G., Argilés-Herrero R., Vreysen M.J.B., Cattoli G., Viljoen G.J., Mattioli R.C., Bouyer J.. 2017. In : Area-wide management of insect pests: Integrating the sterile insect and related nuclear and other techniques. Book of abstracts. Vienne : IAEA, p. 51. FAO-IAEA International Conference on Area-wide Management of Insect Pests: Integrating the Sterile Insect and Related Nuclear and Other Techniques. 3, 2017-05-22/2017-05-26, Vienne (Autriche).

Background: Progressive Control Pathways (PCP) and the related implementation roadmaps are used in the control and elimination of a number of human and animal diseases, including foot-and-mouth disease, peste des petits ruminants, brucellosis and rabies. International organizations such as FAO, OIE and WHO, rely on PCP frameworks for planning, implementing and evaluating interventions against diseases. Flexible, stepwise PCPs enable to structure the road to disease freedom through a series of achievable, discrete stages. Here we outline a novel PCP for the control and elimination of tsetse-transmitted African animal trypanosomosis (AAT), the bane of poor livestock keepers in sub-Saharan Africa. Methodology/Results: The PCP for AAT is structured along five stages and a pre-entry level, i.e. "below Stage 1" (Figure). A regular step-wise progression is the rule (i.e. from Stage N to Stage N + 1) but fast-tracking is possible in specific circumstances. In order to move from one stage to the next, the set goals for the ongoing stage must have been achieved, and a plan for the following stage must be prepared. Independent validation is required. Key requirements for a country to enter the PCP (i.e. to move to 'Stage 1') include political and financial commitment for the progressive control and elimination of AAT, and the existence of a functioning Specialized National Structure having core capacities and mandate to deal with tsetse and AAT. When in Stage 1, affected countries have to develop technical capacities, and gain a sufficient understanding of AAT distribution, risk and impact for an evidence-based planning of subsequent activities; pilot field interventions are also conducted. Larger scale field activities are implemented in Stage 2 and beyond, within the priority areas identified in Stage 1. Stage 2 aims at a sustainable reduction of the AAT burden, and the intervention strategy hinges on the integrated control of AAT (a community/farmer based approach). The foc

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