Access to a wider Musa biodiversity can represent a lever for the creation of future banana supplying the increasing food demand. A large part of the global production relies on a limited number of edible cultivars clonally propagated, having a narrow genetic diversity and non-adapted to the global changes and the main pests and diseases. In two projects BforBB funded by Agropolis foundation and DiVBa funded by SEP2D, we aimed at extending Musa diversity on banana containing M. balbisiana genomes (B genome), which are underrepresented to date. Indeed, no more than twenty seedy M. balbisiana banana diploids are available in collections whereas such cultivars are known to be more robust and could be sources of resistance to various stresses.Interestingly, M. balbisiana resources naturally harbour Banana streak virus sequences (eBSV) within their genome. Some eBSVs are able to spontaneously release active replicating viruses, hampering thus their use in breeding programs. An in depth eBSV genotyping and BSV phenotyping M. balbisiana resources is then required not only for breeding uses but also to reinforce Musa characterisation because our group established that eBSV can also be used as phylogenetic markers to decipher the structure and geographic origin of M. balbisiana diversity. In those projects we propose to collect a large banana sampling of wild relatives and local landraces in the mainland south East Asia (Vietnam, Laos and China), which represent a hot spot of banana biodiversity. One long-term objective is to extend the Musa genetic diversity to fuel future breeding programs with material containing B genome without any risk of BSV infection. Both projects will also promote scientific research on plant biodiversity in Asian countries and will contribute to the sustainable management and conservation of plant biodiversity in those countries where collections will be implemented with new genotypes.