Global climatic changes may deeply affect the functioning of Eucalyptus plantations. It is therefore crucial to gain knowledge on the drivers of Eucalyptus productivity, carbon (C) allocation and resource-use efficiency in order to ensure a sustained productivity. These data are key to improve the productivity of Eucalyptus plantations and reduce their impacts on natural resources towards sustainable management. Building on the innovative results obtained in its first phase (2007-2017), the second phase of the EUCFLUX project, initiated in 2018, aims to enhance our knowledge on eucalypt plantations functioning at various spatiotemporal scales. The EUCFLUX study site is located on a commercial clonal plantation of ca 260 ha in Southern Brazil. The project will specifically 1) quantify the fluxes of energy, C and water along a complete rotation using the Eddy Covariance technique, girth inventories, litter and C content surveys and flux chambers; and assess the effects of forest plantations on soil water availability down to 10m and water table 2) use high-resolution dendrometers and anatomical analyses to study the determinism of growth 3) combine field data, high resolution remote sensing and modelling to upscale our knowledge of eucalypt functioning from site to regional scales and 4) compare the functional responses of more than 16 eucalypt genotypes (clonal and seed-origin) in a common-environment field trial, in order to evaluate the generality of the results obtained on the main clone, but also to evaluate how different are the functional responses of coppice and planted eucalypt trees.