First historical genome of a crop bacterial pathogen from herbarium specimen: Insights into citrus canker emergence
Campos P., Groot Crego C., Boyer K., Gaudeul M., Baider C., Richard D., Pruvost O., Roumagnac P., Szurek B., Becker N., Gagnevin L., Rieux A.. 2021. PLoS Pathogens, 17 (7) : 25 p..
Over the past decade, ancient genomics has been used in the study of various pathogens. In this context, herbarium specimens provide a precious source of dated and preserved DNA material, enabling a better understanding of plant disease emergences and pathogen evolutionary history. We report here the first historical genome of a crop bacterial pathogen, Xanthomonas citri pv. citri (Xci), obtained from an infected herbarium specimen dating back to 1937. Comparing the 1937 genome within a large set of modern genomes, we reconstructed their phylogenetic relationships and estimated evolutionary parameters using Bayesian tip-calibration inferences. The arrival of Xci in the South West Indian Ocean islands was dated to the 19th century, probably linked to human migrations following slavery abolishment. We also assessed the metagenomic community of the herbarium specimen, showed its authenticity using DNA damage patterns, and investigated its genomic features including functional SNPs and gene content, with a focus on virulence factors.
Mots-clés : agent pathogène; génome; herbier; xanthomonas campestris citri; maladie bactérienne; maurice; xanthomonas citri pv citri
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Agents Cirad, auteurs de cette publication :
- Becker Nathalie — Bios / UMR PVBMT
- Boyer Karine — Bios / UMR PVBMT
- Gagnevin Lionel — Bios / UMR PHIM
- Pruvost Olivier — Bios / UMR PVBMT
- Rieux Adrien — Bios / UMR PVBMT
- Roumagnac Philippe — Bios / UMR PHIM