As several other plants, the genome of banana and plantain contains integrations of Banana streak virus (BSV) sequences even though integration is not an essential step in the replication cycle of this virus. In banana two types of BSV integrants exist. Ones are non functional sequences present in both common Musa species, Musa acuminata (denoted A) and Musa balbisiana (denoted B) and it is now assumed that the integrants of the other type, containing the complete viral genome and restricted to M. balbisiana genome, become infectious by reconstituting a complete replication-competent viral genome. Thereby, an increasing record of BSV outbreaks was observed fifteen years ago among banana breeding lines and micro propagated inter-specific Musa hybrids, worldwide. Today, three widespread BSV species, Banana streak Obino l'Ewai virus (BSOIV), Banana streak Imové virus (BSImV) and Banana streak Golfinger virus (BSGfV) are known to occur as infectious integrants in the M. balbisiana genome. However, even though such integrations are known to be infectious, their presence is not sufficient to induce infection. We demonstrated that the process of genetic hybridization and abiotic stresses such as micropropagation by in vitro culture contributed in triggering episomal expression from EPRVs. Two mechanisms at least are involved in the BSV expression: the ploidy of the M. balbisiana in Musa genotypes and an additional genetic factor called BEL for BSV expressed locus concerning the triploids (Musa AAB) resulting from inter-species genetic crosses between virus-free diploid M. balbisiana (BB) and tetraploid M acuminata (AAAA) parents. Then, diploids M. balbisiana such as PKW and Pisang Batu harboring pathogenic BSV EPRVs are resistant to any multiplication of BSV while haploid genotypes such as triploids (AAB, French clair) or tetraploids (AAAB, FHIA 21) expressed BSV. Thereby, we characterized the segregation of three BSV species appearance among the AAB F1 progeny as a monoge