In Senegal, pastoral mobility has developed greatly over the last years as an adaptation to new environmental conditions. Competition for access to resources has increased (greater need for farms and btùldings, need to get new pasturing zones available, etc.). In spite of new measures taken by the authorities, conflicts between transhumant pastoral groups and sedentary groups has hardly been reduced. This article deals with the CUITent pastoral mobility in the sylvo-pastoral area (Zone sylvo-pastoral (ZSP) with regard to the previous situation, and indicates the trends for sustainable development in the main livestock production area of Senegal.