Biogeography has renewed its concepts and methods following important recent advances in phylogenetics, macroecology, and geographic information systems. In parallel, the evolutionary ecology of host-parasite interactions has attracted the interests of numerous studies dealing with life-history traits evolution, community ecology, and evolutionary epidemiology. This book is the first to integrate these two fields, using examples from a variety of host-parasite associations in various regions, and across both ecological and evolutionary timescales. Besides a strong theoretical component, there is a bias towards applications, specifically in the fields of historical biogeography, palaeontology, phylogeography, landscape epidemiology, invasion biology, conservation biology, human evolution, and health ecology. A particular emphasis concerns emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases linked to global changes. Contents: Preface (Robert E. Ricklefs). Introduction (Serge Morand, Boris R. Krasnov). Part I. Historical biogeography. 1. Beyond vicariance: integrating taxon pulses, ecological fitting and oscillation in evolution and historical biogeography (Eric P. Hoberg, Daniel R. Brooks). 2. Palaeogeography of parasites (Katharina Dittmar). 3. Phylogeography and historical biogeography of obligate specific mutualisms (Nadir Alvarez, Doyle McKey, Finn Kjellberg, Martine Hossaert-McKey). 4. Biogeography, humans and their parasites (Pascale Perrin, Vincent Herbreteau, Jean-Pierre Hugot, Serge Morand). 5. The use of co-phylogeographic patterns to predict the nature of host-parasite interactions, and vice versa (Caroline Nieberding, Emmanuelle Jousselin, Yves Desdevises). Part II. Ecological biogeography and macroecology. 6. Marine parasite diversity and environmental gradients (Klaus Rohde). 7. Parasite diversity and latitudinal gradients in terrestrial mammals (Frederic Bordes, Serge Morand, Boris R. Krasnov, Robert Poulin). 8. Ecological properties of a parasite: species-spe