Spatial information linked to the observation of the Earth is increasingly present in natural resource management. Since the American Landsat program launched in 1972, many nations have set out to observe the Earth. More than 100 operational satellites are currently in orbit around the Earth; they allow access to geographical information from anywhere in the world, with increasing regularity. These satellite systems allow the monitoring of continental surfaces from local (submetric resolution sensors) to global (hectometric and decametric resolution) scales, with frequencies of observation going from daily to multiannual, and with different wavelengths going from the visible spectrum to microwaves. The growing expansion and complexity of the systems allow the development of increasingly specialized applications. The arrival of very high spatial resolution (VHSR), in the 2000s, expanded the scope of mapping applications that were previously reserved for aerial photography. In the near future, the Sentinel (S1 and S2) family of satellites from the European Copernicus program, providing free access to weekly or decadal decametric data, will allow the development of new services, in particular concerning real-time monitoring of the evolution of the landscape and use of resources.