West African forests extend from South Senegal to Ivory Coast. In these forests, ectomycorrhizal trees are locally diversified and/or abundant. They belong to the following botanical families: Caesalpiniaceae (tribes Detariae and Amherstiae), Dipterocarpaceae (genus Monotes) and Euphorbiaceae (genus Uapaca). The diversity of the ectomycorrhizal fungi linked to these trees is important and includes many species in Russula, Lactarius, Amanita, Cantharellus and Boletus sensu lato. Several Russula, Amanita and Cantharellus species of West Africa are certainly edible as most of them are consumed elsewhere in Central, East or Austral Africa. However, in West Africa the consumption of edible fungi by local peoples is not yet well documented although as non-timber forest products, wild edible mushrooms are certainly under-exploited. It is assumed that, as elsewhere in Africa, peoples living in, or nearby forested areas, are likely to be more appreciative of wild mushrooms than those of the savannahs who are generally mycophobic.