Before independence, Côte d'Ivoire focused its economic development on agriculture, mainly coffee, then cocoa. After independence, public policies contributed to farmers' preference for cocoa, which became the main source of agricultural income for both the Ivorian population and the state. The development of cocoa has been at the expense of the forest, which has shrunk from 12 million hectares in 1960 to less than 2 million hectares today. Faced with a decline in productivity due, among other things, to aging plantations, declining soil fertility and seasonal instability, difficulties in renewing farms are observed in the various cocoa loops (Assiri, 2007). Thus, we are witnessing the reconversion or diversification of these former coffee and cocoa orchards towards other perennial crops, particularly cashew. This study aims to identify strategies based on the adoption of cashew nuts by farmers in a context of land saturation and ecological change. To serve this objective, the authors mobilize two (02) case studies in the Center-West of the country, the first one on the periphery of the classified forest of Haut-Sassandra subject to strong land pressure, the second one between Gagnoa and Sinfra, where cocoa farms are strongly affected by the swollen shoot disease. Socio-economic surveys were conducted in 21 localities to identify the strategies developed by farmers to deal with land saturation and climate change. Data collection was carried out through individual and semi-structured interviews using a questionnaire. The questions asked were related to the farmers' settlement period, the age of cultivation, the cultural precedent of the crops, the adaptation strategies, and the species associated with the main crops. A total of 464 farmers were interviewed. The results of the analyses showed that cashew nut cultivation appeared in the first study area between 2001 and 2005 with a settlement rate of 3%. Between 2011 and today, the rate of expansion is about 90%. Half