In Réunion, the Oriental Fruit Fly (OFF) Bactrocera dorsalis has recently become the major pest of mango. Earlier studies conducted in West Africa have shown that small mango fruits fallen to the ground during early fruit drop, could serve as sources of OFF outbreaks in orchards. We therefore conducted in 2019 and 2020, in orchards at Saint-Paul (West) and Saint-Pierre (South), studies to evaluate the potential of prophylactic elimination of fallen small mango fruits as a lever for OFF control. Small green growing mango fruits on the tree were barely infested (0% at Saint-Pierre, 5.6% at Saint-Paul), whereas those close to abscission sustained heavier infestation rates (resp. 9.6% and 22.2%), suggesting that it is abscission that makes small fruits attractive/susceptible to OFF punctures, and not prior punctures by OFF on green fruits that trigger abscission. In 2019, infestation of fallen fruits, ranged from 12% at Saint- Pierre and 2% at Saint-Paul (both on woven plastic soil cover), to respectively 75% (on bare soil) and 46% (on resident vegetation-covered soil). At Saint-Pierre in 2020, it ranged from 3% on resident vegetation to 13% on woven plastic. Both years at both sites, infestation was only due to OFF, and OFF parasitism by the micro-wasp Fopius arisanus was anecdotal. Results are discussed, in the light of varying OFF pressure and ground surface temperatures, particularly the compatibility of weekly removal of small (>30g though) fallen fruits, with other control levers earlier identified for OFF and pests of mango inflorescences.