Within the context of a study of biogeochemical cycles in a mature plantation of eucalypts (6.5 years old) in the Congo, a description of the spatial localization of the root system, by root impacts counting, was carried out during the dry season. The objective of the study was to assess the influence of the soil properties (physical and chemical), the sylvicultural practices and the distance to the nearest tree, on the distribution of roots and water and nutrients uptake ability