During a trypanosomosis survey in the agro-pastoral zone of Sideradougou, Burkina Faso, 1036 heads of cattle were examined for trypanosomes using microscopy. The PCR was applied on a subset of 260 buffycoat samples using primers specific for Trypanosoma congolense savannah and riverine-forest groupe, T. vivax, and T. brucei. Parasitological examination and the moloculer technique were compared, showing a better efficiency of the latter. In the near future, the PCR is likely to become an efficient tool to estimate the prevalence of African trypanosomoses in affected areas.