Current statistics question the capacity of food crop production to meet the challenges of food security in Central Africa, where plantain production plays a central role. Of the various explanations for this, the impact of research on development is sometimes quoted. In response to this challenge, an inter-disciplinary team developed technical innovations as part of adaptive research on plantain production in Cameroon. The application of new methods and techniques of integrated crop management produced good results in terms of the adoption and dissemination of methods of multiplication and cleaning of planting material. However, there was resistence to new cropping practices involving intercrops and rotations. The result has been important technical changes in plantain production systems in Cameroon.