In 1999 and 2001, Chilo sacchariphagus Bojer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) was recovered on Acucareira de Mozambique (Mafambisse) and Companhia de Sena (Marromeu) sugar estates in Mozambique. This necessitated development of an incursion plan in South Africa and control measures in Mozambique. In South Africa, monitoring comprised an industry-wide public awareness campaign in which involved people are asked to report the insect's suspected presence, and of pheromone traps monitoring for adults at high-risk sites. Recommendations are that early detection of this pest offers the best opportunity for timely and costeffective intervention. Vigilance and a sustained effort are required to keep South Africa free of this pest, but geographical and sociological factors dictate that this threat will remain for the foreseeable future. In Mozambique, field surveys have provided much biological information on the pest. The only local parasitoid of any consequence found has been the egg parasitoid Trichogramma bournieri Pintureau & Babault (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Classic biocontrol strategies have been instituted against this exotic insect on these Mozambican sugar estates. Xonthopimpla stemmator Thunberg (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), obtained from a laboratory colony maintained on Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) at the South African Sugar Association Experiment Station, has been released against the pupae of C. sacchariphagus on both sugar estates. Results indicate that C. sacchariphagus populations have declined in the release areas. Consideration is being given to the release of the larval parasitoid Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as an additional classical biocontrol agent. This paper discusses successes attained, and outlines work planned for the future. (Texte intégral)