Extension of the Presco oil palm estates (a SIAT group site in Nigeria) in the Ologbo zone is taking place in a context of strong land pressure and tension, or even potential conflict with the local populations, who widely use the Presco concession for their agricultural activities, and more generally to exploit natural resources (non-wood forest products, etc.). It is therefore necessary for the administrator to have tools whereby impact on local populations can be monitored, in order to guide his actions with a view to limiting conflict. In addition, RSPO, of which SIAT is a member, has launched a pilot implementation period for testing principles and criteria in different local contexts. SIAT has volunteered to take part in that test; work being undertaken as part of the collaboration between SIAT and CIRAD on the social approach to sustainable development of oil palm estates could therefore fit into that pilot period. The main purpose of this mission was to start testing criteria concerning the relations between agroindustry and local populations in the SIAT/Presco context, and to make a contribution, notably in the choice of indicators, to the RSPO principles and criteria pilot implementation period. First of all, we sought to check with Presco that the criteria and indicators proposed by RSPO concerning relations between the company and the local populations were relevant and could be implemented in the local context of SIAT group's operation in Nigeria. Discussions were therefore held with Presco management and certain employees; they provided some initial feedback from the field regarding the criteria and indicators proposed by RSPO and led to a certain number of points being raised that were worth going into in more detail or completing. In addition, a quick assessment seemed to indicate that if the criteria and indicators were abided by such as they were currently being proposed, Presco ought not to encounter any major problems in meeting RSPO requirements