As the Brazilian government incentives participation in political decisions and decentralization, in particular by the implementation of territorial policies, the need to capacitate the actors becomes more visible. In the Northeast of Brazil, a Peasant University was thus created in 2003, to train 35 peasant leaders within the Cariri territory. Before disseminating this first experiment, an evaluation of the contributions of this training on the development of the territory is being led. Through the combination of empirical, theoretical and methodological elements, we suggest an analysis framework with two dimensions: the first allows to take into account the different "categories" of competences (human capital, social capital and institutional capital) and the second enables to study the moments of the training process. This framework is used to present a first series of conclusions concerning the impact of the training on the territory, in particular the importance of considering the networks formed during the training.