The International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ISSCT) Entomology Workshop was held 15-20 May 2006 in Cairns, Australia followed by a post-workshop tour to Ramu Sugar Limited, Papua New Guinea. The technical session held over three days was grouped into six subject headings: managing invasive species; phylogenetics and molecular techniques; management of white grubs/canegrubs; management of stemborers; management of sucking pests and miscellaneous pests. Following the technical sessions, attendees participated in two field trips before the post-workshop tour. The first included visits to commercial sugarcane fields and the BSES photoperiod facility at Meringa, and the second highlighted the unique habitat of the Wet Tropics Rainforest of Australia. We concluded that managing damaging infestations of insects will continue to be an important consideration for the world's sugarcane industries as they seek to maintain sustainable production systems. Continued advances in control methodologies, better understanding of pest/beneficial insect inter-relationships and effective biosecurity will be vital to maintaining successful pest management programs.