Pests and diseases are numerous and can have serious economic impacts, possibly requiring quarantine (material subject to regulations concerning movement) and the forbidding of exports to other production zones to avoid the spread of harmful organisms. The use of tolerant rootstocks is an effective measure in the control of several organisms but the choice of variety is often dictated by the market. In addition to the production of healthy plant material, the control of these pests and diseases generally combines genetic, biological and chemical components in an integrated control framework.