IPM Programmes/projects have been implemented successfully in many sub-Saharan African countries. Several examples can be given to illustrate this situation. However successes beyond implementation have been very limited because of several constraints. This situation has been reviewed in this paper taking into account the cases of IPM projects implemented in West and Central Africa over the two past decades: the CILSS/USAID/FAO IPM project in 9 Sahelian countries (1980-1987), the Regional Sorghum IPM Project in Burkina Faso and Mali (1996-2000) and the ADB/LCB IPM Project in the Chad Lake Basin (2003-2005. The common feature of these projects relies on funding provided by external donors/agencies such as: USAID, European Commission and African Development Bank (ADB) while beneficiary countries provided facilities and personnel (scientists, extension workers and farmers) for project implementation. Successes were based on capacity building through academic and/or professional trainings (scientist, extension workers and farmers), increasing yields in target crops, improving farmer revenues and welfare, reduction of use of toxic pesticides and better environment. Major constraints are mainly lack of national IPM policy and body (organizational structure), low incomes of farmers to access developed IPM technologies, and funding from beneficiary countries to extend and sustain results beyond the end of projects. Perspectives/challenges have been outlined as IPM still has a major role to play in helping countries to meet food security and to face climate changes. (Texte intégral)