Bacterial wilt, caused by the soilborne betaproteobacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, is a major disease of solanaceous crops, throughout tropical and subtropical areas, and emerging in temperate regions. If genetic resistance is still considered as the most promising control measure, breeding for resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum (Rsol), has been hindered for decades by the scarcity of high level resistance sources, strong genotype x environment interactions, and the huge genomic and phenotypic plasticity of the pathogen. Ralstonia solanacearum is a species complex composed of four phylotypes related to geographical origins (I: Africa-Asia, II: American, III: Africa, IV: Indonesia). Solanaceae-pathogenic strains belong to all four phylotypes, but most epidemiologically active strains belong to phylotype I, IIA, IIB, and III, phylotype I being the most widespread lineage. Extensive screenings of resistant accessions of tomato, eggplant and pepper towards a worldwide R.sol core-collection, lead to formalize grain Solanaceae-Rsol interactions into six main virulence profiles, and allowed to identify highly resistant accessions, mainly in eggplant and pepper. Among them, the eggplant MM960 was demonstrated to carry a phylotype I-resistance major dominant gene (Ers1) and two partial resistance QTLs with strain-specific expression. We identified patterns of strain -specificity, but found no evidence of phylotype-specificity; phylotype I containing four of the six pathopprofiles. Searching for durable resistance implies both the identification of bacterial genes responsible for avirulence and virulence, and assessment of the pathogen evolutionary potential. Considering "immune" accessions (five eggplants, two peppers, one tomato) giving true incompatible interactions (no wilt and no colonization), we then searched for genetic factors associated with bacterial virulence and avirulence using comparative genomics hybridization (CGH) data. We thus identified 61 type III effe