Variation on yield and composition of the essential oil of clove bud from Madagascar at different pheno-logical stages including young bud stage, budding stage 1, budding stage 2, budding stage 3, full budding stage, flowering stage, initial fruiting stage, full fruiting stage are reported. The essential oils were ob-tained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC. The highest essential oil yield (17.9%) was measured at full budding stage. Eugenol and eugenyl acetate were the main compounds in all samples. Eugenol (39.7%), was lower in young bud stage and increased in the subsequent phenological stages to reach maximum (94.9%) in full fruiting stage. In contrast, eugenyl acetate (56.1%) was higher in young bud stage, after which decreased to reach minimum (2%) in full fruiting stage. The best time to harvest clove bud for their essential oil is in full budding stage to obtain the highest amount of yield and eugenol. This result confirms the knowledges of the farmers by collecting clove bud at this stage of development.