Arecaceae (palms) form one of the largest monocot families. There are over 2500 palm species, classified into five subfamilies, 29 tribes and 188 genera 1,2,8 (Fig.1). They are unevenly distributed throughout the Americas (over 700 species), Africa (over 60 species) and the Asia-Pacific region (over 1600 species). Palms are one of the most important plat families in terms of human use and socio-economic importance worldwide, notably for their fruit so. Indeed, they exhibit a rich biodiversity that is of great interest for studies of the molecular determinants of seed and fruit lipid content and fatty acid composition.