Scientific cooperation between the Industrialized Countries (North) and the Less Developed Countries (South) has evolved greatly over the last decades and has involved a number of varied mechanisms ranging from technical assistance to collaborative research partnerships. After a brief description of these mechanisms, this paper presents 2 bioenergy cases study between Latin America, Africa and Europe to promote North-South scientific collaborative partnership. This presentation is trying to answer to the following questions:1)What are the key factors of success and sustainability of existing and future bio-energy initiatives between North and South? 2)How to establish effective local and regional partnership among producers and beneficiaries? (Texte integral)