Intensive agriculture, based on 'green revolution' practices such as monocultures, agro-chemical inputs and intensive tillage with high level of fuel consumption, has helped to meet the rapidly-growing needs of global populations and markets. Yet, agricultural intensification also has devastating effects on the environment, affects farm profitability and impacts human health, of farmers and consumers. Especially the non-guided use of chemically-synthesized pesticides now poses real social problems that occur across the globe, and is having devastating consequences for wildlife and world's biodiversity. Such a situation can only be remediated by a paradigm shift, an increased attention to applied (on-farm) research and grower education, and a deliberate promotion of practices that safeguard nature and the environment. In Asia, Agroecological Crop Protection (ACP) has a long and rich history. In fact, the oldest example of ACP pertains to the conservation of weaver ants (Oecophylla spp.) by farmers in ancient China and Vietnam, to control insect pests in citrus orchards. In a first part, this talk presents the pricniples of Agroecological Crop Protection. ACP is a crop protection concept based on ecological principles, which aims to make agroecosystems more sustainable. In other words, ACP is a crop protection practice that boosts sustainability and resilience of the world's farming systems, and is guided by ecological techniques. The second part presents the axes, the pillars and the implementation strategy in the fields. By focusing on preventive measures, ACP aims at establishing a bioecological balance between plant and animal communities within an agroecosystem in order to prevent or reduce the risk of infections or outbreaks of pests' outbreaks. ACP is based on 2 axis: i) enhance biodiversity (vegetal/animal) and ii) soil health. It is therefore very consistent and complementary to Conservation Agriculture, devoted to agroecosystem soil management. In addition,