Agriculture is often pointed out as a contributor to environmental disruption. However, it offers the means to mitigate climate change and build innovative, resilient and productive agro-ecosystems. These multifunctional ecosystems would enable diversified and sustainable exploitation of natural resources, while preserving and restoring ecosystem services. The condition would be the design of an innovative alternative model of sustainable and restorative multifunctional agriculture. The French economic social and environmental council (the consultative assembly " CESE ") calls for the integration of sustainability goals to those of added value to achieve a sustainable bioeconomy. A bioeconomy which implements agronomic practices that preserve and maintain soil fertility while respecting biodiversity1 A paradigmatic innovation is therefore necessary for the emergence of a new model of a so-called sustainable and responsible bioeconomy. 1 Vers une bioéconomie durable Jean-David Abel et Marc Blanc, Avis du CESE(Conseil économique, social et environnemental) Mars 2017 https://www.lecese.fr/sites/default/files/pdf/Avis/2017/2017_08_bioeconomie_durable.pdf 2 FAO 2018. 10 elements of agroecology that can guide us toward sustainable food systems 3 HLPE. 2019. Agroecological and other innovative approaches for sustainable agriculture and food systems that enhance food security and nutrition. A report by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security, Rome 2019. Full report forthcoming at www.fao.org/cfs/cfs-hlpe. This communication is the result of a reflexive approach to a cluster of projects aiming at the construction of a guayule production and processing sector in the South of France. This exercise offers an opportunity to draw from research projects finished or under way, a generic methodology to develop innovative agricultural value chains that are part of a performing, shared (multi- stakeholders) and sustainable