The Lower Amu Darya Biosphere Reserve (LABR) exists only under Uzbek legalization and, despite the name of “Biosphere Reserve”, the protected area is not recognized officially by the UNESCO Man & Biosphere (MAB) Programme. To join the World Network of Biosphere Reserves, the competent authorities must request by submitting an application form to the MAB Bureau. Several criteria and management rules must be set up. The GIZ project so-called “ECOSYSTEM-BASED LAND USE AND PRESERVATION OF ECOSYSTEMS IN THE LOWER SECTION OF THE AMU DARYA” aims to provide operational support to the LABR managing authorities in this context of an official application. This project is throughout two-year from 2018 until 2020 between Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. In this context, the CIRAD mandate is to carry out ecosystem mapping along the Amu Darya River and more particularly in the LABR. This mapping aims to define the land cover and land use in the LABR and their evolution over thirty years (1988-2018). This type of mapping will provide a comprehensive understanding of land cover change and a better understanding of the interactions between different actors and factors of land use changes to policymakers and institutions. For the technicians in charge of the LABR management and planning, this mapping must provide them with a functional tool to operate in this forest environment and plan their activities.