This presentation focus both on the principles of ACP and the strategy to be implemented in the field, using the example of agroecological management of cucurbit and mango fruit flies. ACP is at the crossroads of agroecology and crop protection. ACP can be considered as a set of scientific disciplines, as a set of agronomic practices and as a set of interactions between actors. Two major axes allow to optimize the ecological functioning of an ecosystem: soil health and biodiversity above and in the soil. ACP can respond to local and global issues, contributing to the mitigation of climate change, the development of viral zoonoses, biodiversity erosion and animal welfare. The implementation of the ACP strategy in the field has two guiding axes: a guiding thread of ecology and an ordered sequence of practices: prevention, biodiversity, soil health, biological control and various techniques. The use of chemical pesticides does not take place at the beginning of the strategy as it is today the case in agrochemical protection, but as a last resort if necessary. These ACP principles and this ACP strategy show that there are new approaches to be adopted: a participatory approach that places farmers at the center of the system, a systemic approach where the crop plot is only one part of the agroecosystem, and reasoning scales that are expanded in time and space. Although we now have technical solutions that still need to be perfected, there is a lot of work to be done in supporting stakeholders, particularly farmers, in designing and implementing new crop systems that are resilient to crop pests and diseases.