CBPP (Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia), a respiratory disease of cattle, is one of the major threats to livestock health and productivity in Africa in general and in Ethiopia in particular. Its control is an important issue to African veterinary services. Results from economic analysis are necessary to justify implementation of appropriate control programs. This study provides the results of a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of CBPP control strategies at herd level under traditional management in the highlands district of Boji (West Wellega, Ethiopia). Data necessary for CBA were collected from on-farm longitudinal surveys in 72 herds. A CBPP incidence study was carried out. The surveys revealed that in Boji district, public animal health services delivery was low and farmers resort for private sector service delivery or own personal management of CBPP cases. Four strategies were compared in the CBA: the first is antibiotic treatment and isolation of sick animals as locally practiced and the others were various vaccination protocols. An epidemic-economics model was employed to conduct the CBA. Results showed that, according to farmer's view, individual management strategies such as medical treatments were the most cost-effective on a short- term basis. A community-based participatory approach and private management of CBPP aiming at reducing herd- level economic impact were indicated as alternative options to that suggested by official national and international regulation.