The domestication of large camelids is relatively recent in the history of mankind (5–6000 years) and was motivated primarily by their role in the transport of goods and humans, for war or trade. Indeed, milk and meat were probably only “by-products” of the carrying activities. The expansion of large camelids throughout history has brought them to new territories, on the margins of the Sahara, to other desert regions of the world, and recently in Western countries, i.e., in environments to which they are not necessarily adapted. Due to the changes in use and the intensification of animal husbandry, the welfare of these animals may become a concern, and welfare standards for this species are needed.