Global population growth will require a 50% increase in food production by 2050. However, the current food system that promotes productivity and competitiveness has failed to provide nutritious food for all and contributes to environmental (gas emissions, pollution) and natural resources degradation (overexploitation). Therefore, a profound transformation towards ecological practices and techniques (biodiversity, natural processes, and recycling) can bring responses for designing and managing agricultural and food systems that are productive, resilient to climate change, ecologically and economically sustainable and socially equitable. In Tunisia, peasant and family farming represents 80% of farms and plays prominent role in social and food security. Olive based farming system prevails as one of the dominantly agricultural production systems in Tunisia and represents the main activity of more than two thirds of Tunisian farmers (390,000 out of 560,000). In the transect of El Kef-Siliana, in the semi-arid region of Tunisia, Olive plots are overwhelmingly owned by small scale producers, which comes with a set of challenges related to escalated soil degradation and extremely poor soil health, low productivity and incomes, and lack of commercial integration into effective value chains, etc. To help olive producers overcome these challenges, a co-design of sustainable agroecological intensification is required, which incorporates technological and organizational innovations at multiple scales with a focus on local value chain development. Current development policies in the region have emphasized inclusive and sustainable "value chains" as a key approach for systems transformation. However, due to the lack of strong administrative expertise in value chains, the implementation and proper use of this approach for rural development remains complicated. Based on this observation, and given the many local development bottleneck for this key production system, the aim of this