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First report of tobacco mild green mosaic virus on eggplants in Reunion Island

Lett J.M., Hoareau M., Fenelon B., Lefeuvre P., Parvedy E., Clain C., Roux E., Minatchy J., Cassam N., Chabirand A., Porcher L., Rolland M.. 2024. Plant Disease, 108 (9) : p. 2938.

DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-01-24-0252-PDN

In February and March 2023, unusual virus-like disease symptoms such as mild mosaic and yellowing were observed on eggplant (Solanum melongena) leaves in a field plot of 233 m2 in size located in the locality of St. Paul in Reunion Island (20°58.394'S, 55°19.019'E). The eggplant field showed a disease incidence of approximately 50%. The recent description of emerging tobamoviruses on solanaceous plants in several parts of the world (Salem et al. 2023), including the sister island of Mauritius (Maudarbaccus et al. 2021), suggested the possible involvement of a tobamovirus. To identify the potential agent(s) causing these symptoms, samples from eight symptomatic plants were collected, dehydrated, and subjected to total RNA extraction using the RNeasy Plant Extraction Kit (Qiagen, France). The presence of tobamoviruses was tested by RT-PCR using generic primers designed to amplify a fragment of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of tobamoviruses, which was previously shown to detect 32 tobamoviruses (Li et al. 2018). RT-PCR amplicons of the expected size (880 bp) were obtained from six samples and subjected to direct sequencing in both directions. BLASTn analysis showed that all six assembled nucleotide sequences (GenBank accession nos. PP198308 to PP198313) were very similar to each other (>98.8%) and shared 98.2 to 99.8% similarity to tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV) genome sequences (GenBank accession nos. MW012408, OK149280, and OK558783) described on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Vietnam (Choi et al. 2020) and tobacco (Nicotiana spp.) in Turkey and Canada, respectively. To obtain a full genome sequence of a Reunion isolate of TMGMV, Illumina RNA sequencing was performed by GeneWiz (Leipzig, Germany) following ribodepletion. A total of ~54M 2 × 150-nt paired-end reads was obtained. A partial genome sequence of 5,687 nucleotides of the TMGMV isolate Reunion-C23-180-St-Paul-2023 (GenBank accession no. PP198314) was assembled using SPAdes v3.13 (Bankevitc

Mots-clés : solanum melongena; virus des végétaux; tobamovirus; tobamovirus mosaïque du tabac; séquence nucléotidique; identification; maladie des plantes; capsicum annuum; phylogénie; maladie émergente; france; la réunion

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