Marine organisms are key to food security and to combat malnutrition, especially in the developing tropics. With the increase in human population, its appetite for seafood also grows, while production from capture fisheries is at its limit. There are conflicting views on whether aquaculture can really fill this gap. For large scale industrial aquaculture, most authors agree that it will not be able to feed the world, much less in a sustainable way. With regard to small-scale, family or village-based systems, the future looks bright. Faced with resource limitations and environmental regulations, aquaculture operations have to augment their output while decreasing the relative use of resources, coastal space and effluent output. Integrated aquaculture is seen as a strategy to meet demands for more efficient and sustainable aquaculture production. Especially, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) is often described as a solution, but proliferation of the industry has been slow, uneven and research is still lacking in regards to its application to tropical marine species. This chapter presents case examples from Tanzania, based on IMTA experiments with edible tropical species at three different trophic levels. A proof-of-concept presents the viability of a low-technology recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) of milkfish Chanos chanos, integrating sea cucumber Holothuria scabra and halophyte Sesuvium portulacastrum as extractive species. The species showed good growth and the system maintained good water quality and low concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen even without an additional biofilter. Removal, uptake and assimilation of feed-derived nutrients through the cultivation of the extractive species were examined to determine strategies to optimize bioremediation. The high-value sea cucumber H. scabra was raised on solid waste from milkfish aquaculture. In order to improve bioremediation efficiency, animals were supplied with additional carbon based on