In the Sudanese region of northern Cameroon, development projects have promoted various agroforestry and forestry practices, including improved fallow, live fences, planting of anti- erosion grass strips, orchards, and woodlots. However, the adoption of these practices has been limited, and the tree density on cultivated land is gradually decreasing. To propose new directions for agroforestry, the study analyzed prevailing agroforestry practices and farmers' perceptions of the constraints to tree management on agricultural land. The study was conducted in five villages in the old agrarian area south of Garoua, where natural vegetation is scarce and highly degraded. These villages include Mafa-Kilda, Laïnde Massa, and Bame, on the one hand, and Gouna and Bawan, on the other, which are located in a zone close to the Benoue National Park. Three socio-professional groups were identified: male farmers, female farmers, and sedentary pastoralists. In each village, focus group discussions were held with each group, followed by individual interviews with 194 household heads (87 male farmers, 73 female farmers, and 34 sedentary pastoralists). The demographic characteristics of the respondents, land tenure status of the fields, agroforestry practices implemented, and constraints to the adoption of these practices were identified. Cultivation in agroforestry parklands and farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) of trees were practiced by 98% and 62% of all respondents, respectively, with no significant differences between zones. On the other hand, planting trees along field boundaries, in orchards, and in live fences was practiced by 35%, 28%, and 22% of all respondents, respectively. There was low adoption of tree fallows (7%) and woodlots (10%) despite project support. Planting of anti- erosion grass strips and live fences was more common in the old agricultural zone (22% and 24%, respectively) than near the protected area (5% and 11%, respectively). Tree planting was more