This chapter examines the role of family farming (FF) in climate change adaptation, a topic less studied despite FF being the most vulnerable agricultural system. It explores FF's potential to adapt to climate impacts compared to industrial farms, using the concept of family-based agroecology. Drawing on research from the Global South, it highlights the challenges and policy levers needed to support FF's resilience. The chapter aims to provide recommendations to enhance FF's capacity to cope with climate-related challenges and structural changes in agriculture.