While climate change mitigation and adaptation in agricultural production have been extensively studied, the post-production stages of the food system—including storage, processing, transportation, distribution, and consumption—have received comparatively limited attention. Yet, these stages face significant climate-related challenges, such as disruptions to supply chains, and are responsible for about one-third of global food system greenhouse gas emissions. The impacts and appropriate responses differ between industrialized countries, with more processed diets and complex logistics, and less industrialized countries, where food systems tend to be simpler. This chapter highlights key mitigation and adaptation strategies that can be implemented in the post-production food system stages and food consumption. It concludes with policy recommendations to support the transformation of food system transformation in the face of climate change.